Rhetoric and truth: does an orator owe the assembly an accurate account, or only a case?

Demosthenes, answered from the texts and cited to the page.

The position in brief

A speech is not a chronicle. I was not appointed to furnish the jurors with a disinterested record; I was there to show them what Philip was and what the men who served him had done, and to do it against an advocate of equal skill who had every reason and every opportunity to expose me in a falsehood. The truth of a public question is what survives that contest. It is not what one speaker volunteers against his own case.123

Sources

  1. Do not you then prove worse than Philip; but force Aeschines to defend himself against the charges which are the subject of the trial. (To the clerk.} Read the deposition. [The deposition is read.] 215 So for my part, because I had nothing on my conscience, I felt it my duty to render an account and submit all the information that the laws required, while the defendant took the opposite view.
    The Public Orations, Vol 1, pp. 218–220
  2. But no such words, no such sound, did he utter, nor did one 210 of you hear him do so; he only uttered threats to a different effect. And why?
    The Public Orations, Vol 1, pp. 217–218
  3. When the Council took this step, the members took their votes from the altar,[n] and not one vote was given for this abominable man. {135} To prove that what I say is true, (to the clerk) call the witnesses who testify to it.
    The Public Orations, Vol 2

Where the argument is made

  • On the Crown (330), especially the narrative of 346-338 distributed through sections 60-109 and 160-226
  • On the Embassy (343)
  • the Third Philippic (341)

How the argument was received

Contested by modern scholarship, which reads the selectivity as distortion, and by any reader who expects of an advocate what would be expected of a historian.