Pierre Janet, answered from the texts and cited to the page.
I described the subconscious fixed idea, the traumatic origin of hysterical symptoms, and the cure by recovery and liquidation of the pathogenic memory in my Automatisme psychologique of 1889 and in the work that followed — before, or alongside, the earliest work of Freud and Breuer on the same ground.1 I say this not from vanity but because the record should be exact: the discovery of the subconscious and of psychological analysis was not made in Vienna alone.2
Where I differ from psychoanalysis is not in the fact of the unconscious idea but in what has been built upon it. Freud took the pathogenic memory and made of it a vast and rigid doctrine — the universal sexual etiology, the theory of repression, the interpretation of every symptom and dream as disguised desire — that goes far beyond what the clinical facts warrant and that hardens observation into dogma.3
My subconscious is a matter of psychological force and its failures, of dissociation and lowered tension, not of a seething cauldron of repressed sexuality. I claim the discovery of the divided mind; I decline the metaphysics of libido that was raised upon it.4
Finally, this subconscious character of the fixed ideas with hystericals plays a great part in the therapeutics of these affections. We formerly showed that it was necessary to look up, so to say, these subconscious phenomena in order to attack them, and that one could not treat the hysterical accident before having reached those deep layers of thought within which the fixed idea was concealed.The Mental State of Hystericals, pp. 412–413
But I had in mind only certain special cases and, although I advised the search for subcon¬ scious memories in these cases, I believed it necessary to guard against discovering such memories where they did not exist, and I gave some rules for prudent diagnosis. At this time a foreign physician, Dr. S. Freud of Vienna, came to Salpetriere and became interested in these studies.Principles of Psychotherapy
The critics have often been astonished at the sin¬ gular doctrines of "Pansexuality" that have resulted from some medical analyses. The importance attrib¬ uted to sexual events is the logical result, if I am not mistaken, of the nature of Mr. Freud's first studies.Principles of Psychotherapy
At one time they develop simultaneously below this consciousness; at another they develop in a nervous state, which takes the place of the ordinary consciousness and alternates with it. If sometimes an obsessing idea, an hallucination, say, appears to be well known by the subject, it generally depends on a more complicated dream which he does not know.The Mental State of Hystericals, pp. 411–412
The priority controversy is genuine and unresolved in the strong form. Janet did publish on the subconscious, trauma, and the cathartic recovery of pathogenic memories in the same period as, and in his 1889 thesis arguably before, the Freud-Breuer Studies on Hysteria (1895); the modern consensus credits him with priority on dissociation and the traumatic model and with an independent and sober dynamic psychology. Freud acknowledged Janet's early contribution while insisting psychoanalysis was distinct (repression and sexual conflict versus dissociation and constitutional weakness) and disputing the priority claim; and it was Freud's richer, bolder, more generative system — for all its excesses — that transformed the century, while Janet's quieter model was eclipsed. So the historical verdict is mixed: Janet's priority on the core discoveries is substantially granted, and his critique of psychoanalytic overreach has force, while Freud's influence and the productiveness of his theory are undeniable.