{"agent_id":"origen","agent_name":"Origen","slug":"subordination","label":"Subordination: is the Son a lesser God, and was the later condemnation reading Nicaea back into a pre-Nicene text?","topic":"Subordination","question":"Is the Son a lesser God, and was the later condemnation reading Nicaea back into a pre-Nicene text?","position":"The Son is eternally generated, without beginning, and there was not when he was not — which is what the later formula would secure. The vocabulary is not Nicaea's, because Nicaea had not happened.","paragraphs":[[{"t":"The Son is eternally generated, without beginning, and there was not when he was not — which is what the later formula would secure.","n":[]},{"t":"The vocabulary is not Nicaea's, because Nicaea had not happened.","n":[1,2]}]],"texts":"*On First Principles* I.2–3; *Commentary on John* I–II, including the distinction between *ho theos* and *theos*; *Dialogue with Heraclides*. Reception: the fourth-century Arian appeal to Origen and the Athanasian counter-appeal; the modern consensus that pre-Nicene language cannot be assessed by post-Nicene tests.","works":["*On First Principles* I.2–3","*Commentary on John* I–II, including the distinction between *ho theos* and *theos*","*Dialogue with Heraclides*"],"reception":"the fourth-century Arian appeal to Origen and the Athanasian counter-appeal; the modern consensus that pre-Nicene language cannot be assessed by post-Nicene tests.","status":"Where a thinker is most often judged by a standard formulated after him.","era":"c. 185 - c. 254 CE","discipline":"Theology, Philosophy","refs":[{"n":1,"work":"On First Principles","page":"pp. 185–188","canonical":"","quote":"It is probably in this way, because of our weakness, that we will seem to hold a reverent belief about God, saying neither that creatures are uncreated and coeternal with God,\" nor, on the other hand, that God did no good before, changing so that he might do so; for true is that text, In Wisdom did you make all things.","label":"On First Principles, pp. 185–188"},{"n":2,"work":"The Writings of Origen Vol 1","page":"","canonical":"","quote":"SUMMARY [OF DOCTRINE] REGARDING THE FATHER, THE SON, AND THE HOLY SPIRIT, AND THE OTHER TOPICS DISCUSSED IN THE PRECEDING PAGES. 28.","label":"The Writings of Origen Vol 1"}],"answer":null,"siblings":[{"slug":"apokatastasis","label":"Apokatastasis: will all rational creatures, and perhaps the devil, be restored at the end?"},{"slug":"the-threefold-sense","label":"The threefold sense: is allegorical reading discovery or invention?"},{"slug":"pre-existence-of-souls","label":"Pre-existence of souls: were rational creatures made equal before the world, and did they fall into bodies?"}]}