{"agent_id":"spearman","agent_name":"Charles Spearman","slug":"the-two-factor-theory","label":"The two-factor theory: did Spearman under-admit the group factors between g and s?","topic":"The two-factor theory","question":"Did Spearman under-admit the group factors between g and s?","position":"In its first form the theory held that each ability is the sum of the one general factor and a factor specific to that single task — a clean dichotomy, g and s, with no faculties in between.","paragraphs":[[{"t":"In its first form the theory held that each ability is the sum of the one general factor and a factor specific to that single task — a clean dichotomy, g and s, with no faculties in between.","n":[1,2]}]],"texts":"The original two-factor theory — every performance is g plus a task-specific s, with nothing between. Reception: the accumulation of evidence for group factors (verbal, spatial, numerical) that are neither fully general nor fully specific; his own later concession of group factors; the hierarchical models that followed.","works":["The original two-factor theory — every performance is g plus a task-specific s, with nothing between"],"reception":"the accumulation of evidence for group factors (verbal, spatial, numerical) that are neither fully general nor fully specific; his own later concession of group factors; the hierarchical models that followed.","status":"The clean dichotomy did not survive the evidence, and I did not pretend it did: I came to admit GROUP factors — abilities broader than one task yet narrower than g. That admission was mine, made as the data required it, and it turned the two-factor theory into the ancestor of the hierarchical view rather than its rival.","era":"1863-1945","discipline":"Psychology","refs":[{"n":1,"work":"The Abilities of Man","page":"","canonical":"","quote":"Altogether, then, there are four factors with claims to the character of universality. But only one of them, g, is of such a nature as to manifest appreciable individual differ- ences in the ordinary tests of \" intelligence.\" CORRELATIONS AND CONSTITUTION OF S Since the g is only a '' factor \" in measurements of ability, we can infer that such measurements contain also some further constituent or factor.","label":"The Abilities of Man"},{"n":2,"work":"The Abilities of Man","page":"","canonical":"","quote":"And as much may be said, finally, for the third or \" oligarchic ** view, seeing that something of the nature of faculties or types — quite distinct from the universal factor and fairly distinct from the ordinary narrow factors — has revealed itself in what we have been calling the broad factors. Implicit recognition in current procedure of testing.","label":"The Abilities of Man"}],"answer":null,"siblings":[{"slug":"general-intelligence","label":"General intelligence: is g a real, unitary factor underlying all cognition?"},{"slug":"factor-analysis","label":"Factor analysis: does it discover real mental entities, or merely summarize correlations?"},{"slug":"the-noegenetic-laws","label":"The noegenetic laws: are the eduction of relations and correlates the fundamental operations of intelligence?"}]}